There are other luthiers with expertise in instruments from the Italian craftsman’s golden period, from 1700 to 1725, but master violin restorers are rare — around 20 worldwide now — and Becker is widely regarded as the best. At 64, he has worked on more than 120 Stradivarius violins — likely more, he says, than any other living person. David Fulton, a Seattle-based former software engineer and entrepreneur who once possessed the world’s largest collection of historic Cremonese instruments (named for the city where Stradivari and other renowned Italian luthiers worked) with 28, including eight Strads, entrusted Becker to care for them. (Fulton has since started selling off the bulk of them.) “He’s probably as fine a woodworker as lives on the planet today,” says Fulton. “Without men like him, these things would have decayed into splinters long ago.”People travel from all over the globe to hand-deliver their instruments to Becker’s office, across the street from Grant Park. (When it comes to multimillion-dollar instruments, FedEx doesn’t cut it.) Once, says Becker, Nigel Kennedy, one of the most famous solo violinists of the 1980s, flew in from England for a day just so Becker could make him a new sound post, the small dowel that sits inside the violin and transfers vibrations from front to back. “He’s like a great surgeon,” says Bell. “His work is so meticulous. It’s like constructing a sailboat inside a bottle. There’s a reason I fly here to bring him my fiddle. He’s the master.”
Monday, January 30, 2023
Feel good story of the month
Confession, prayer, and praise and Pratt's col.
Confession, prayer, and praise.
LORD! when we bend before thy throne,
And our confessions pour,
O may we feel the sins we own,
And hate what we deplore.
2 Our contrite spirits pitying see;
True penitence impart:
And let a healing ray from thee
Beam peace into each heart.
3 When we disclose our wants in prayer,
O let our wills resign;
And not a thought our bosom share,
Which is not wholly thine.
4 And when with heart and voice
We strive our grateful hymns to raise,
Let love divine within us live,
And fill our souls with praise.
5 Then, on thy glories while we dwell,
Thy mercies we’ll review;
With love divine, transported, tell——
Thou, God, art Father too.
Pratt's col.
 Episcopal Methodist hymnal (1870 edition)
<idle musing>
I have no idea what Pratt's col. is, but I suspect it's a collection of hymns assembled by a C. M. Pratt, or at least it seems the initials are C. M. Beyond that, I'm unable to discover more, but it does seem to be the source of quite a few hymns that appear in nineteenth-century hymnals.
If anyone can supply more information, I would be most grateful!
</idle musing>
A scriptural injunction
<idle musing>
For those of you who aren't familiar with 2 Esdras: It is considered part of the canon by the Ethiopic and Russian Orthodox Churches. The church fathers quote from it, including Jerome, who called it 4 Ezra. It doesn't survive in Greek, but does survive in Latin, Syriac, Arabic, Ethiopic, Georgian, and Armenian (there's a nice short summary here).
According to most, the first two chapters are probably a later Christian interpolation. Thus, the status of the quotation above is probably a Christian injunction, and it certainly is a view that is heavily endorsed in the New Testament.
Let those who have ears, here!
</idle musing>
Saturday, January 28, 2023
Holy, holy, holy, Lord God Sabaoth
Holy, holy, holy, Lord God Sabaoth
INFINITE God, to thee We raise
Our hearts in solemn songs of praise;
By all thy works on earth adored,
We worship thee, the common Lord;
The everlasting Father own,
And bow our souls before thy throne.
2 Thee all the choir of angels sings,
The Lord of hosts, the King of kings;
Cherubs proclaim thy praise aloud,
And seraphs shout the triune God
And Holy, holy, holy, cry,
Thy glory fills both earth and sky.
3 Father of endless majesty,
All might and love we render thee;
Thy true and only Son adore,
The same in dignity and power;
And God the Holy Ghost declare,
The saints’ eternal Comforter.
Charles Wesley
Methodist Episcopal Hymnal (1870 edition)
<idle musing>
hymnary.org inserts two verses after verse 2:
3. God of the patriarchal race,
The ancient seers record Thy praise,
The goodly apostolic band
In highest joy and glory stand;
And all the saints and prophets join
To extol Thy majesty divine.
4. Head of the martyrs’ noble host,
Of Thee they justly make their boast;
The church, to earth’s remotest bounds,
Her heavenly Founder’s praise resounds;
And strives, with those around the throne,
To hymn the mystic Three in One.
</idle musing>
Friday, January 27, 2023
Jesus the very thought of thee
with sweetness fills the breast;
but sweeter far thy face to see,
and in thy presence rest.
2 O hope of every contrite heart,
O joy of all the meek,
to those who fall, how kind thou art!
How good to those who seek!
3 But what to those who find? Ah, this
nor tongue nor pen can show;
the love of Jesus, what it is,
none but his loved ones know.
4 Jesus, our only joy be thou,
as thou our prize wilt be;
Jesus, be thou our glory now,
and through eternity.
St. Bernard of Clairvaux (?)
United Methodist Hymnal, 1989
Thursday, January 26, 2023
Rejoice, the Lord is King!
Your God and king adore;
Mortals give Thanks and sing,
And triumph ever-more.
Lift up your Hearts, lift up your Voice,
Rejoice, again I say, Rejoice.
2 Jesus the Saviour Reigns,
The God of Truth and Love;
When he had purg'd our Stains,
He took his Seat above;
Lift up your Hearts, lift up your Voice,
Rejoice, again I say, Rejoice.
3 His Kingdom cannot fail,
He rules o'er Earth and Heav'n;
The Keys of Death and Hell
Are to our Jesus giv'n.
Lift up your Hearts, lift up your Voice,
Rejoice, again I say, Rejoice.
4 He sits at God's Right-Hand
Till all his Foes submit,
And bow to his Command,
And fall beneath his Feet.
Lift up your Hearts, lift up your Voice,
Rejoice, again I say, Rejoice.
5 He all his Foes shall quell,
Shall all our sins destroy,
And ev'ry Bosom swell
With pure seraphic Joy.
Lift up your Hearts, lift up your Voice,
Rejoice, again I say, Rejoice.
6 Rejoice in glorious Hope;
Jesus the Judge shall come,
And take his Servants up,
To their eternal Home.
Lift up your Hearts, lift up your Voice,
Rejoice, again I say, Rejoice.
Charles Wesley
#899 Methodist Episcopal Hymnal (1870 edition)
<idle musing>
OK, verses 4 & 5 are new to me. Some hymnals will include verse 5, but in order to find verses 4 & 5 together, you have to go back to 1791 on the hymnary.org site. (I really wish they had a digital version of the 1890 hymnal I'm using!)
</idle musing>
Wednesday, January 25, 2023
A blessing from God's presence
A blessing from God’s presence.
GREAT Shepherd of thy people, hear;
Thy presence now display;
We kneel within thy house of prayer;
O give us hearts to pray.
2 The clouds which veil thee from our sight,
In pity, Lord, remove;
Dispose our minds to hear aright
The message of thy love.
3 Help us, with holy fear and joy,
To kneel before thy face;
O make us, creatures of thy power,
The children of thy grace.
John Newton
Methodist Episcopal Hymnal (1870 edition)
<idle musing>
This one is interesting in that there seems to be a wide variety of versions out there. At hymnary.org there is one version with seven verses, only the first of which agrees with this version. In fact, when I did a search there, I didn't see any that agreed with this version; in fact, a search for the first line of the second verse came up empty. Makes you wonder what the original really looked like…
</idle musing>
Tuesday, January 24, 2023
Tozer for Tuesday
Sunday, January 22, 2023
Now that's a new verse!
Help us thy name to sing,
Help us to praise!
Father all-glorious
O'er all victorious,
Come, and reign over us,
Ancient of days.
2 Jesus our Lord, arise,
Scatter our enemies,
And make them fall!
Let thine almighty aid,
Our sure defence be made,
Our souls on thee be stay'd:
Lord hear our call.
3 Come, thou incarnate Word,
Gird on thy mighty sword,
Our pray'r attend:
Come, and thy people bless,
And give thy word success;
Spirit of holiness,
On us descend.
4 Come, holy Comforter,
Thy sacred witness bear
In this glad hour:
Thou who almighty art,
Now rule in ev'ry heart,
And ne'er from us depart.
Spirit of pow'r.
5 To the great One in Three,
Eternal praises be,
Hence — evermore!
His sov'reign Majesty
May we in glory see,
And to eternity
Love and adore.
Unknown
Methodist Episcopal Hymnal (1870 edition)
<idle musing>
I love this hymn, a wonderful trinitarian one. But, I had never seen the second verse before. In fact, when I went to hymnary.org, I had to go back to a 1791 hymnal to find it. (For some reason they don't have the 1870 edition of the Methodist Episcopal Hymnal.)
I can understand why it got dropped; with it you have two verses for Jesus; without it, there is symetry. And, to be honest the theology of the third verse is better than that of the second verse.
Anyway, it's another one of those hymns, such as "O for a Thousand Tongues to Sing," and "Hark the Herald Angels Sing," where some of the verses originally sung with it have dropped out. In the case of "O for a Thousand Tongues to Sing," the orignal was something like eighteen verses and the ones we sing today are definitely the best.
In the case of "Hark the Herald Angels Sing," I like two of the verses tha dropped out and regularly sing them. Usually, when people hear them they are intrigued. It's easy to see why they dropped out, though, because they express the Wesleyan/Methodist belief in holiness in this life—not a popular theme in our Calvinistically dominated culture.
Here they are, in case you are interested:
4. Come, Desire of nations, come,
Fix in us Thy humble home;
Rise, the woman’s conqu’ring Seed,
Bruise in us the serpent’s head.
Now display Thy saving power,
Ruined nature now restore;
Now in mystic union join
Thine to ours, and ours to Thine. [Refrain]
5. Adam’s likeness, Lord, efface,
Stamp Thine image in its place:
Second Adam from above,
Reinstate us in Thy love.
Let us Thee, though lost, regain,
Thee, the Life, the inner man:
O, to all Thyself impart,
Formed in each believing heart. [Refrain]
</idle musing>
Saturday, January 21, 2023
So-called benefactors
This paragraph sums up what I’ve thought:
It was perhaps King’s commitment to the alleviation of poverty that got him killed. The night before his assassination, he was working with striking sanitation workers because it would expose the need for economic equality. King’s Poor People’s Campaign was meant to do precisely that work because after he moved his ministry from the South to the North, he was reminded that the fight against racism necessarily included a fight against poverty.Yep. The one thing that the oligarchy has always feared is that the various groups of exploited people would see that actually they have more in common with each other than they do w/the oligarchs—the ones Jesus said call themselves “benefactors.” (As an interesting experiment, search that term in the books of the Maccabees for some context.)
A footnote in the book I’m editing sums up the benefactors pretty well:
Yale Daily News, November 10, 2021. A study by Philp Mousavizadeh found that the administration had expanded an incredible 44.7 percent since 2003, and that Yale had the highest manager-to-student ratio in the Ivy League and the fifth highest in the nation among four-year colleges. Thus the administration was larger than the faculty and cost $2.7 billion annually, with a 5 percent increase in only one year. An article by Isaac Yu, Yale Daily News, September 9, 2021, noted that over the same period, some key administrative units had grown 150 percent in staffing, as opposed to a 10.6 percent in faculty growth, and that Yale had gone from five vice presidents to thirty-one. The salaries of the president had increased 17.2 percent, of the General Counsel 6.2 percent, but of the faculty 3.6 percent.I’m sorry to say that a recent survey found that Harvard has now surpassed Yale in the highest manager-to-student ratio…
Everybody needs to read ch. 1 of Heschel’s The Prophets at least once a year…
Just an
</idle musing>
Friday, January 20, 2023
The glories of our king
The glories of our King.
COME, ye that love the Saviour’s name,
And joy to make it known,
The Sov’reign of your hearts proclaim,
And bow before his throne.
2 Behold your Lord, your Master, crown’d
With glories all divine:
And tell the wond’ring nations round,
How bright those glories shine.
3 When, in his earthly courts,
We view The glories of our King,
We long to love as angels do,
And wish, like them, to sing.
4 And shall we long and wish in vain?
Lord, teach our songs to rise:
Thy love can animate the strain,
And bid it reach the skies.
Anne Steele
Methodist Episcopal Hymnal (1870 edition)
Wednesday, January 18, 2023
Update on bike helmets
It's a good read, providing a nice historical overview of how the helmet evolved and what it is designed to do and not to do. They also point out the "blame the victim" mentality of much media coverage of bicycle fatalities. Here's a nice little snippet, but read the whole thing, it isn't long.
I have been a bike commuter in every city I’ve lived in as an adult, including Minneapolis, Milwaukee, Chicago, Columbus, and New York City. I travel on two wheels for the exercise and fresh air, for environmental reasons, and for independent, efficient mobility.In exchange, I feel unsafe, always, on my bicycle—and for sound reason. I’ve gotten doored in Times Square. I’m forced to weave in and out of bike lanes to avoid the vehicles that constantly park and loiter there. I hold my breath when a passing truck leaves only a few inches between my shivery flesh and its metal flanks.
I do what I can to protect myself. I use front and rear lights. I gravitate toward roads with designated bike lanes. I signal turns with my arms and ding my handlebar bells to attract the attention of inattentive drivers. And I never, ever leave home without my neon yellow helmet.
But as with many cyclists and lawmakers, I’ve increasingly found myself wondering: How much does my helmet help me, really? Are there costs to our single-minded devotion to it?
In the past 50 years, as helmet designs have become more sophisticated, adult cycling deaths in the United States have not declined—they’ve quadrupled. As I dug into the history of these humble foam-and-plastic shells, I learned that helmets have a far more complicated relationship to bike safety than many seem ready to admit.
The Song of Moses and the Lamb
The song of Moses and the Lamb.
AWAKE, and sing the song
Of Moses and the Lamb;—
Wake, every heart and every tongue,
To praise the Saviour’s Name.
2 Sing of his dying love;
Sing of his rising power;
Sing how he intercedes above
For those whose sins he bore.
3 Ye pilgrims, on the road
To Zion’s city, sing;
Rejoice ye in the Lamb of God,—
In Christ, the’ eternal King.
4 Soon shall we hear him say,—
Ye blessed children, come;
Soon will he call us hence away,
To our eternal home.
5 There shall each raptured tongue
His endless praise proclaim;
And sweeter voices tune the song
Of Moses and the Lamb.
William Hammond
Methodist Episcopal Hymnal (1870 edition)
Tuesday, January 17, 2023
Tozer for Tuesday
The highway of holiness
The highway of holiness.
JESUS, my all, to heaven is gone,—
He, whom I fix my hopes upon;
His track I see, and I ’ll pursue
The narrow way, till him I view.
2 The way the holy prophets went,—
The road that leads from banishment,——
The King’s highway of holiness,
I’ll go, for all his paths are peace.
3 This is the way I long have sought,
And mourn’d because I found it not;
My grief a burden long has been,
Because I was not saved from sin.
4 The more I strove against its power,
I felt its weight and guilt the more;
Till late I heard my Saviour say,—
Come hither, soul, I am the way.
5 Lo! glad I come; and thou, blest Lamb,
Shalt take me to thee, as I am;
Nothing but sin have I to give,—
Nothing but love shall I receive.
6 Then will I tell to sinners round,
What a dear Saviour I have found;
I’ll point to thy redeeming blood,
And say,—Behold the way to God.
John Cennick
Methodist Episcopal Hymnal (1870 edition)
<idle musing>
I wasn't familiar w/John Cennick. He was a friend and coworker of both Wesley and Whitefield, later becoming a Moravian and ministering in Ireland. You can read more at The Hymnary.
</idle musing>
Monday, January 16, 2023
Surveys of previous work
32 From this point then we will begin the narrative, not adding further to what was already said. After all, it would be absurd to prolong the preface but then cut short the history. (CEB)Look, I get it, if it's a revised dissertation, you need to prove to the committee that you read everything written on your subject from the Jemdet Nasr period until today. Or, at least have read enough previous literature reviews from other dissertations that read literature reviews from other dissertations, ad infinitum.
As an aside, copyeditors know. I can usually find out the chain by chasing errors in citations back to the offending book or article. You might fool the dissertation committee or series editor, but the copyeditor will know. I've chased errors in citations back 20 years or more in some cases. And let's not even start with the padded bibliographies! I had one semirevised dissertation that was over 30 percent padded! OK, back to the matter at hand.
I've noticed a trend over the last 15 years or so: the literature reviews are getting longer; the morsels of insight are getting more tentative; the use of scare quotes is getting more prevalent. And, sadly, the synthesis of all this information, data, if you will, is disappearing—in many cases, totally disappeared.
So, while data is expanding and becoming overwhelming, the information, which is the synthesis of it all, has ceased to exist. We're drowning in data, but can't find the proverbial needle of real information/insight in the haystack of data.
I don't have a solution to it, because the way the system is set up, it encourages this type of baloney slicing, as they call it in STEM. You take your results, and slice them into tiny segments to coax out as many articles as you can.
Publish or perish! Tenure, where it still exists, depends on it! Or, if you are in that ever-growing segment of adjuncts, the possibility of a real job depends on it. And since, as an adjunct, you don't have a whole lot of time, you baloney-slice because of necessity.
All of this to go back to 2 Maccabees advice, don't prolong the preface to cut short the history…
Just an
</idle musing>
Sunday, January 15, 2023
The hope of redemption
Cordial obedience
COME, Lord, and claim me for thine own;
Saviour, thy right assert;
Come, gracious Lord, set up thy throne,
And reign within my heart.
2 The day of thy great power I feel,
And pant for liberty;
I loathe myself, deny my will,
And give up all for thee.
3 I hate my sins,—no longer mine,
For I renounce them too;
My weakness with thy strength I join
Thy strength shall all subdue.
4 So shall I bless thy pleasing sway,
And, sitting at thy feet,
Thy laws with all my heart obey,—
With all my soul submit.
Charles Wesley
Methodist Episcopal Hymnal (1870 edition)
Friday, January 13, 2023
In the presence of the Lord
The Lord our righteousness.
IN thy presence we appear;
Lord! we love to worship here,
When, within the veil, we meet
Thee upon thy mercy-seat.
2 While thy glorious Name is sung,
Touch our lips, and loose our tongue;
Then our joyful souls shall bless
Thee, the Lord our righteousness.
3 While to thee our prayers ascend,
Let thine ear in love attend;
Hear, for Jesus intercedes;
Hear us, for thy Spirit pleads.
4 While thy Word is heard with awe,
And we tremble at thy law,
Let thy Gospel’s wondrous love
Every doubt and fear remove.
5 While thy ministers proclaim
Peace and pardon through thy name,
In their voices let us own
Jesus, speaking from the throne.
6 From thy house when we return,
Let our hearts within us burn;
That at evening we may say,—
We have walk’d with God to day.
James Montgomery
Methodist Episcopal Hymnal (1870 edition)
<idle musing>
Take a look at the guy's biography. In some ways it reads like Paul's! "Montgomery was imprisoned briefly when he printed a song that celebrated the fall of the Bastille and again when he described a riot in Sheffield that reflected unfavorably on a military commander. He also protested against slavery, the lot of boy chimney sweeps, and lotteries."
We could use more hymn writers with a biography like that!
</idle musing>
Thursday, January 12, 2023
The order of authors in a reference list
That one is easy, you order put it after the single-author entry and order by date.
But what happens when there are multiple entries with multiple authors with the same leading author?
That one took a bit of digging, and it's not spelled out clearly in the text, but check the examples in CMS17 §15.16. The examples show that they are alphabetized by the Last name of the next author and then date, in the case of multiple entries. If the second author is identical, but the third authors differ, then alphabetize by that author and order by date. And so on.
The assembly of God's people
Heavenly joy anticipated.
IN thy name, O Lord, assembling,
We, thy people, now draw near:
Teach us to rejoice with trembling;
Speak, and let thy servants hear:
Hear with meekness,——
Hear thy word with godly fear.
2 While our days on earth are lengthen’d,
May we give them, Lord, to thee:
Cheer’d by hope, and daily strengthen’d,
May we run, nor weary be;
Till thy glory
Without cloud in heaven we see.
3 There, in worship purer, sweeter,
All thy people shall adore;
Sharing then in rapture greater
Than they could conceive before:
Full enjoyment,—
Full and pure, for evermore
Thomas Kelly
Methodist Episcopal Hymnal (1870 edition)
Wednesday, January 11, 2023
The fulness of God
The fulness of God
BEING of beings, God of love,
To thee our hearts we raise;
Thy all-sustaining power we prove,
And gladly sing thy praise.
2 Thine, wholly thine, we pant to be;
Our sacrifice receive:
Made, and preserved, and saved by thee,
To thee ourselves we give.
3 Heavenward our every wish aspires,
For all thy mercy’s store;
The sole return thy love requires,
Is that we ask for more.
4 For more we ask;
We open then our hearts t’ embrace thy will;
Turn, and revive us, Lord, again;
With all thy fulness fill.
5 Come, Holy Ghost, the Saviour's love
Shed in our hearts abroad;
So shall we ever live, and move,
And be, with Christ in God.
Charles Wesley
Methodist Episcopal Hymnal (1870 edition)
Tuesday, January 10, 2023
Tozer Tuesday
Monday, January 09, 2023
A perfect longing
A perfect heart the Redeemer’s throne.
O FOR a heart to praise my God,
A heart from sin set free;—
A heart that always feels thy blood,
So freely spilt for me;—
2 A heart resigned, submissive, meek,
My great Redeemer’s throne;
Where only Christ is heard to speak,——
Where Jesus reigns alone.
3 O for a lowly, oontrite heart,
Believing, true, and clean;
Which neither life nor death can part
From Him that dwells within:——
4 A heart in every thought renew‘d,
And full of love divine;
Perfect, and right, and pure, and good,
A copy, Lord, of thine.
5 Thy nature, gracious Lord, impart;
Come quickly from above;
Write thy new name upon my heart,—
Thy new, best name of Love.
Charles Wesley
The Methodist Episcopal Hymnal (1870 edition)
Friday, January 06, 2023
Greater than the parts…
The prisoner statues were only one feature of the late Old Kingdom pyramid complex. Consequently, any attempt to reconstruct the ritual life of these monuments cannot be based only or even primarily on them, but rather it would need to take into account the rest of the architecture and decoration.—Ancient Egyptian Prisoner Statues: Fragments of the Late Old Kingdom, 173
Wednesday, January 04, 2023
Location, location, location
Tuesday, January 03, 2023
Tozer Tuesday
Monday, January 02, 2023
On drinking and cycling
If the health impacts of drinking seem abstract to many fit and healthy-feeling cyclists, most athletes have some awareness that ethanol impairs multiple aspects of performance, especially recovery. Probably most widely known is alcohol’s dehydrating effect, which happens because booze inhibits the antidiuretic hormone that tells the body to hold on to fluid, causing too much to be released through urine. Alcohol also impairs the uptake of glycogen in your muscles, inhibiting the refueling effect of any postride carbs you eat and possibly affecting your performance for up to a couple of days, says sports dietitian Bob Seebohar, R.D.Most people also know that drinking disrupts sleep, and Kevin Sprouse, director of medicine and sports science for EF Pro Cycling, enlightened me on the details. Specifically, alcohol shortens deep sleep cycles and disrupts REM sleep. Deep sleep is when the body releases human growth hormone, repairs tissues, and recovers physically; REM sleep is generally when cognitive recovery happens. When drinking sabotages these cycles, the result is compromised reaction time and mental focus and the ability to, say, navigate a pack or push through a tough workout the next day. EF riders wear Whoop fitness trackers, and performance staff have seen deviations in their sleep quality—as well as in metrics such as resting heart rate and heart rate variability—after as little as a single drink. Research supports their observations on sleep quality, too.
Well, something had to be done!
<idle musing>
Now, before you snicker and say, "Oh, those silly Egyptians!," think about the little rituals you do every day to make the day go your way.
How Christian are those? How "logical" are they?
Right. That's what I suspected.
</idle musing>
Friday, December 30, 2022
Magical thinking
<idle musing>
In the old days, we used to call this sympathetic magic, but that term has fallen out of favor in the last thirty or so years. I don't recall what they call it now, but it's still the same: Like begets like.
Makes sense, doesn't it? As one of my seminary professors used to say, when you reason from the given to the divine, you end up with magic—the attempt to control your circumstances by manipulating them symbolically, i.e., magic.
Unfortunately, some of that thinking has invaded Christian thought, theology, and behavior. Now, I'm not trying to minimize or deny the effectiveness of acting out some things, such as the writing of offenses on a piece of paper and then burning the paper—we are embodied beings and actions help—but, to think the action in and of itself is effective? Well, no. Emphatically, no. It only becomes effective through the power of God in the Holy Spirit, working in and through you and your circumstances.
And as for the practice that I've seen of placing a Bible on someone as if the book is magical? That's just plain wrong. The Bible is just a block of wood, thinly sliced—unless the Holy Spirit quickens it. Nothing more; nothing less. And there is nothing magical about reciting scripture over someone either.
"Guard your thoughts" means more than just watch out for mean or sinful thoughts; it also means guard your thoughts (and practices) against sub-Christian ideas. You can't manipulate God, and that's what is happening in the above scenarios. Pharaoh was trying to manipulate the gods into striking his enemies. It didn't work! The Old Kingdom fell.
What's interesting is that this practice of destroying prisoner statues was prevalent at the end of the Old Kingdom, as it was getting weaker. Think about that for a minute.
Magic tends to run rampant when we feel like the world around us is out of control. But, if you really believe that God is in control (or as some prefer, in charge), then why should you need to perform magical actions?
Could it be that, as J. B. Phillips's 1952 book put it, Your God Is Too Small?
Consider that in you New Year's Resolutions…
Just an
</idle musing>
Divine hope
The garner of God.
COME, thou omniscient Son of man,
Display thy sifting power;
Come, with thy Spirit’s winn’wing fan
And throughly purge thy floor.
2 The chaff of sin, the’ accursed thing,
Far from our souls be driven;
The wheat into thy garner bring,
And lay us up for heaven.
3 Whate’er offends thy glorious eyes,
Far from our hearts remove; -
As dust before the whirlwind flies,
Disperse it by thy love.
4 Then let us all thy fulness know,
From every sin set free;
Saved to the utmost, saved below,
And perfected in thee.
Charles Wesley, from the Methodist Episcopal Hymnal (1870 ed.)
Thursday, December 29, 2022
For the love of…
and whoever pursues profits
will be led astray by them.
6 Many have been ruined because of gold,
and their destruction has met them head-on.
7 It’s a stumbling block for those
who are possessed by it,
and it will take
every senseless person captive. (CEB)
<idle musing>
We Protestants could do worse than reading the deuterocanonical books once in a while. There are some real gems in there…
</idle musing>
To what end salvation?
<idle musing>
Indeed! We underestimate the purposes of God and are unaware of his ability to bring it about.
That's the final paragraph of the book. I hope you enjoyed the brief snippets I posted; they really don't do the book justice. It is definitely worth the time invested in reading it. But, be aware that it is loaded with untranslated Greek—both LXX and NT—so if your Greek is rusty/nonexistent, you will miss some of the nuances. But, it is still worth the time invested.
</idle musing>
A hymn for the new year
For a blessing on the truth.
O GOD, by whom the seed is given,
By whom the harvest blest;
Whose word, like manna shower’d from heaven,
Is planted in our breast ;—
2 Preserve it from the passing feet,
And plund’rers of the air;
The sultry sun’s intenser heat,
And weeds of worldly care.
3 Though buried deep, or thinly strown,
Do thou thy grace supply:
The hope in earthly furrows sown
Shall ripen in the sky.
Reginald Heber (1783–1826)
from the Methodist Episcopal Hymnal (1870 edition)
Wednesday, December 28, 2022
Participation in Christ
Sanctified Knowledge
Sanctified knowledge.
COME, Father, Son, and Holy Ghost
To whom we for our children cry
The good desired, and wanted most,
Out of thy richest grace supply;
The sacred discipline be given,
To train and bring them up for heaven.
2 Error and ignorance remove;
Their blindness, both of heart and mind:
Give them the Wisdom from above,—
Spotless, and peaceable, and kind:
In knowledge pure their minds renew,
And store with thoughts divinely true.
3 Learning’s redundant part and vain
Be here cut off, and cast aside:
But let them, Lord, the substance gain;
In every solid truth abide;
Swiftly acquire, and ne’er forego
The knowledge fit for man to know.
4 Unite the pair so long disjoin’d,
Knowledge and vital piety:
Learning and holiness combined,
And truth and love, let all men see
In those whom up to thee we give,
Thine, wholly thine, to die and live.
—Charles Wesley, Methodist Episcopal Hymnal (1870 edition)
Tuesday, December 27, 2022
Tozer for a Tuesday
<idle musing>
We all know people like that, don't we? : (
Lord, deliver me from being one of them!
</idle musing>
Monday, December 26, 2022
Participation in Christ
Saturday, December 24, 2022
Hymn for a Christmas Eve
There remaineth a rest for the people of God.
COME, O thou greater than our heart,
And make thy faithful mercies known;
The mind which was in thee impart:
Thy constant mind in us be shown.
2 O let us by thy cross abide,
Thee, only thee, resolved to know,
The Lamb for sinners crucified,
A world to save from endless wo.
3 Take us into thy people’s rest,
And we from our own works shall cease;
With thy meek Spirit arm our breast,
And keep our minds in perfect peace.
4 Jesus, for this we calmly wait;
O let our eyes behold thee near!
Hasten to make our heaven complete;
Appear, our glorious God, appear!
Charles Wesley, Methodist Episcopal Hymnal (1870)
Thought for the day
but then act as if they’re the ones
who have been wronged;
the poor suffer injury,
but they’re the ones
who must apologize.
4 If you are useful to the rich,
they will work with you,
but if you are in need,
they will abandon you.
5 If you own anything,
they will live with you;
they will exhaust what you have,
and they won’t suffer.
6 If they need you, they will deceive you
and smile at you and give you hope;
they will speak nicely to you and say,
“What do you need?”
7 They will embarrass you
with their fine foods,
until they have cleaned you out
two or three times over.
In the end they will mock you,
and after these things,
they will see you and abandon you
and shake their heads at you.
Sir. 13:8 Take care that you don’t go astray,
and don’t be humiliated
by your own foolishness.
9 When powerful people invite you,
show yourself reluctant,
and they will invite you all the more.
10 Don’t be forward,
or you might be rejected;
and don’t stand far off,
or you might be forgotten.
11 Don’t think that you can speak
with them as an equal,
and don’t trust in their
lengthy conversations,
because they will test you
with a lot of talking;
and when they are smiling, they are really examining you.
12 Those who won’t guard your secrets
are cruel,
and they won’t spare you
from mistreatment
and imprisonment.
13 Be on guard and pay attention,
because you are tiptoeing
around your own downfall.—Sir 13:3–13 (CEB)
<idle musing>
I try to read through the Deuterocanonical books every year, usually in December. I'm a bit behind schedule this year, only being in Sirach now.
Every year I notice something new. This year I was struck by the similarity of Wisdom to sections of Romans and Hebrews. I'll have to pursue that a bit…
</idle musing>
Friday, December 23, 2022
Just because
That's warmer than yesterday??!! I didn't look yesterday when I was out shoveling (we got about 6 inches of snow), but it definitely was cold! I was outside for about 2.5 hours shoveling and the wind did feel cold. And when I looked at the temperature at about 8:00 last night, it was -12ºF. So I guess the wind chill would be lower than -27ºF.
Merry Christmas!
Hymn to God's holiness
Holiness
HOLY as thou, O Lord, is none
Thy holiness is all thine own;
A drop of that unbounded sea
Is ours,—a drop derived from thee
2 And when thy purity we share,
Thine only glory we declare;
And, humbled into nothing, own,
Holy and pure is God alone.
3 Sole, self-existing God and Lord,
By all thy heavenly hosts adored,
Let all on earth bow down to thee,
And own thy peerless majesty:
4 Thy power unparallel’d confess,
Establish’d on the Rock of peace
The Rock that never shall remove
The Rock of pure, almighty love
—Charles Wesley, Methodist Episcopal Hymnal (1870)
For whom do we groan?
Thursday, December 22, 2022
Coworkers!
Wednesday, December 21, 2022
He shall glorify…
Glorification, according to my working definition, occurs in two stages. On the basis of believers’ union with Christ, glorification is a present reality, at least in part. They are free from the powers of sin and death and have received the Holy Spirit, the firstfruits of their adoption. When believers’ bodies are resurrected to share in the glory of Christ, as in Philippians 3:21, then they will do so fully.—Conformed to the Image of His Son, 237
Tuesday, December 20, 2022
Tozer Tuesday
Monday, December 19, 2022
An Advent hymn
Design and object of His advent.
HARK, the glad sound! the Saviour comes,——
The Saviour, promised long;
Let every heart prepare a throne,
And every voice a song.
2 He comes, the pris’ner to release.
In Satan’s bondage held;
The gates of brass before him burst,
The iron fetters yield.
3 He comes, from thickest films of vice
To clear the mental ray,
And on the eyes oppress’d with night
To pour celestial day.
4 He comes, the broken heart to bind,
The wounded soul to cure,
And, with the treasures of his grace,
To’ enrich the humble poor.
5 Our glad hosannas, Prince of peace,
Thy welcome shall proclaim,
And heaven’s eternal arches ring
With thy beloved name.
by Philip Doddridge
from the 1870 Hymns for the Methodist Episcopal Church
Sunday, December 18, 2022
Numismatic abbreviations
I also found a link to the Mionnet supplement volumes on google books here. There are nine of them!
This is mainly for my reference, but others might find it useful. If you have better sites, please add them in the comments.
See all the copyediting stuff here.
Friday, December 16, 2022
But what does the text say?
Thursday, December 15, 2022
The goal
<idle musing>
A helpful reminder, isn't it? Post-Reformation theology gets hung up on the penultimate goal, forgetting what the reason for salvation is in the first place. God's ultimate goal hasn't changed: He gave humanity the imago Dei to be his stewards on earth; the method has changed because of sin and rebellion, but the goal remains the same.
</idle musing>
Wednesday, December 14, 2022
Speech does not equal writing
<idle musing>
I need to be reminded of that every now and then…
</idle musing>
Tuesday, December 13, 2022
But we see Jesus…
Tozer Tuesday
I do not believe that evangelical truth necessarily must accept any one theory of inspiration as long as we believe that the holy men of God spoke as they were moved by the Holy Ghost. “For verily I say unto you, till heaven and earth pass, one jot or one tittle shall in no wise pass from the law, till all be fulfilled” (Matt. 5:18 [KJV]). This, I believe, fulfills the requirements for belief concerning inspiration of Scripture.—A.W. Tozer, Living as a Christian, 29
And
It is usually the case in the Word of God that there are a multitude of applications, so that if one man says it means this, and another man says it means that, and three others say it means some other thing, they are not contradicting each other; they may easily be complementing each other’s interpretation. I have no objection to various interpretations provided they do not say, “Accept my interpretation or I rule you out.” That mindset is too narrow and legalistic.—A.W. Tozer, Living as a Christian, 30
<idle musing>
Isn't that a refreshing viewpoint? You could call it a generous orthodoxy. Quite the change from the heresy hunting and boundary-drawing activities of some today!
May those of his tribe increase while the heresy hunters decrease. The church (and world) would be a better place!
Just an
</idle musing>
Monday, December 12, 2022
Who's leading the show?
<idle musing>
But how often is it the other way around? Far too often we go to scripture seeking a proof text for our chosen position, rather than going there with an open mind. Yes, we all have frameworks (presuppositions), but they must be open to modification if we intend to grow spiritually (as well as intellectually and emotionally).
Back in the day, we used to call that inductive versus deductive reading. Not sure what they call it now, but the principle remains the same: Let the text dictate what you find, not the other way around.
To share a story: Many years ago, another person and I used to get together to sight-read in the Greek New Testament. One day, the person I was reading with said something to the effect that they were truly amazed because I let the text dictate how I translated and interpreted it. I asked them what they meant. They replied that they had been taught to go to the text with a firm idea and then find it there—and this person was seminary-trained! Yikes!
As the title of the post asked, "Who's leading the show?" I hope and pray you let God, through the Holy Spirit, direct what you find in any given text, not what your presuppositions/framework/theology dictates has to be there or can't be there.
</idle musing>
Saturday, December 10, 2022
Self-righteousness, the ultimate false hope
Self-righteousness destroyed
A GOODLY, formal saint,
I long appeared in sight;
By self and Satan taught to paint
My tomb, my nature, white.
The Pharisee within still undisturb’d remain’d;
The strong man, arm’d with guilt of sin,
Safe in his palace reign’d.
2 But, 0, the jealous God
In my behalf came down;
Jesus as himself the stronger show’d,
And claim’d me for his own.
My spirit he alarm’d,
And brought into distress;
He shook and bound the strong man,
arm’d in his self-righteousness.
3 Faded my virtuous show,——
My form without the power;
The sin-convincing Spirit blew,
And blasted every flower:
My mouth was stopp’d, and shame
Cover'd my guilty face;
I fell on the atoning Lamb,
And I was saved by grace.
(1870 Methodist Episcopal hymnal)
Friday, December 09, 2022
What do you do with that εἰκόν [eikon] in Romans 8:29
<idle musing>
For those of you paying close attention, you'll see over a hundred page jump here from the last one. That's because she has been laying a lot of foundational and literature review work (it's a revised dissertation after all!) that, while important to the study, doesn't lend itself very well to extracting a paragraph here and there. I recommend you look at the book if you are really interested. A word of warning though: If you aren't quite proficient in Greek, you will have a terrible time of it! She quotes large sections of the LXX without translating it.
</idle musing>
Thursday, December 08, 2022
Jesus, I am resting
In the joy of what Thou art,
I am finding out the greatness
Of Thy loving heart.
Thou hast bid me gaze upon Thee,
And Thy beauty fills my soul,
For by thy transforming power
Thou hast made me whole.
Refrain:
Jesus, I am resting, resting
In the joy of what Thou art,
I am finding out the greatness
Of Thy loving heart.
2 Oh, how great Thy loving-kindness,
Vaster, broader than the sea;
Oh, how marvellous Thy goodness
Lavished all on me
Yes, I rest in Thee, Beloved,
Know what wealth of grace is Thine,
Know Thy certainty of promise
And have made it mine. [Refrain]
3 Simply trusting Thee, Lord Jesus,
I behold Thee as Thou art,
And Thy love, so pure, so changeless,
Satisfies my heart,
Satisfies its deepest longing,
And supplies its every need,
Compasseth me round with blessings:
Thine is love indeed. [Refrain]
4 Ever lift Thy face upon me
As I work and wait for Thee;
Resting 'neath Thy smile, Lord Jesus,
Earth's dark shadows flee.
Brightness of Thy Father's glory
Sunshine of Thy Father's face,
Keep me ever trusting, resting,
Fill me with Thy grace. [Refrain]
By Jean Sophia Pigott, hymnary.org
<idle musing>
As an aside, read the author bio at hymnary.org. Seems Hudson Taylor found this hymn to be of great comfort. Personally, I can see why. It summarizes very well the power of looking to Jesus.
I'm fairly certain I learned this hymn from the Methodist Hymnal, but it isn't in the United Methodist one I have (1964 edition, w/O for a Thousand Tongues to Sing as #1). And I searched the index of the 1935 Methodist Episcopal Hymnal (Holy, Holy, Holy as #1) at hymnar.org, which was the hymnal I grew up with until about 1969, and it doesn't seem to be there either. So, I honestly don't know where I picked it up. Nevertheless, God brings it to mind frequently when I'm feeling stressed. Just like Hudson Taylor, I find comfort in its words; I hope you do too.
</idle musing>
Genesis—yes, but which part?
<idle musing>
Interesting idea, which I really like and think is probably correct. I don't follow Romans' scholarship very closely, so I don't know how common this view is, but let's let her run with it. It ties in nicely with Second Isaiah's idea of a recommissioned humanity via the Servant.
</idle musing>
Wednesday, December 07, 2022
My faith looks up to thee
Thou Lamb of Calvary,
Saviour divine;
Now hear me while I pray,
Take all my sins away,
O let me from this day
Be wholly Thine.
2 May Thy rich grace impart
Strength to my fainting heart,
My zeal inspire;
As Thou hast died for me,
O may my love to Thee
Pure, warm, and changeless be,
A living fire.
3 While life's dark maze I tread,
And griefs around me spread,
Be Thou my guide;
Bid darkness turn to day
Wipe sorrow's tears away,
Nor let me ever stray
From Thee aside.
4 When ends life's transient dream,
When death's cold, sullen stream
Shall o'er me roll,
Blest Saviour, then, in love,
Fear and distrust remove;
O bear me safe above,
A ransomed soul
Words by Ray Palmer, The Book of Hymns (Methodist Hymnal, 1964), 143
Tuesday, December 06, 2022
Tozer for Tuesday
But the Christian counts on the other world, so that the invisible presence of God in His eternal kingdom, and the spirits made perfect in the holy church of the first-born, and the Holy Ghost and the invisible world actually influence his life. The invisible actually shapes his plans, determines his habits, comforts, consoles and supports him..—A.W. Tozer, —Living as a Christian, 21
<idle musing>
How many who call themselves Christian can fit into Tozer's category of the "man of the earth"? Too many I fear : (
</idle musing>
Unfortunate reversal
Monday, December 05, 2022
What amazing words of grace!
Sufficiency and freeness.
WHAT amazing words of grace
Are in the gospel found!
Suited to every sinner’s case,
Who knows the joyful sound.
2 Poor, sinful, thirsty, fainting souls,
Are freely welcome here;
Salvation, like a river, rolls,
Abundant, free, and clear.
3 Come, then, with all your wants and wounds;
Your every burden bring:
Here love, unchanging love, abounds,——
A deep, celestial spring.
4 Whoever will—O gracious word!—
May of this stream partake;
Come, thirsty souls, and bless the Lord,
And drink, for Jesus’ sake.
5 Millions of sinners, vile as you,
Have here found life and peace;
Come, then, and prove its virtues too,
And drink, adore, and bless.
Methodist Episcopal Hymnal 1870 edition
How does the LXX use δοξάζω?
<idle musing>
Remember that! It will be important later in the book.
</idle musing>
Friday, December 02, 2022
It's tautological
Thursday, December 01, 2022
'Tis metaphorical, you see
<idle musing>
Starting a new book today, Conformed to the Image of His Son. I picked it up at AAR/SBL a few years ago, and it languished on my bookshelf until recently.
Today's snippet might seem to contradict the previous post from Tozer about God being near, but not really. We use anthropomorphisms, but they accurately reflect God to a degree. The danger is to forget they are metaphorical, trying to describe what is beyond human comprehension.
</idle musing>
Tozer for a Tuesday (ok, it's Thursday; I forgot!)
<idle musing>
Sadly, he is correct. Too many Christians see God as "out there"—a great chasm separating us from him. That's not the biblical witness! God is close at hand, nearer than you realize; in fact, living inside you in the form of the Holy Spirit.
If we would internalize that understanding, it would transform how we live, wouldn't it? Lord, make it so!
</idle musing>
Wednesday, November 30, 2022
Freedom; it's not what you think
<idle musing>
And that's also what Jesus, the apostles, and Paul all meant by the freedom of a Christian. It's the freedom to serve. The freedom of not fearing your neighbors or enemies, but instead loving them and serving them.
There's always been a shortage of that kind of freedom, but I suspect it's at an unusually low point right now in our society.
I saw a new word yesterday, "angertainment," the use of anger to entertain people. It seems a sad but apt descriptive word for our society.
Again, a good meditation for advent, leading up to the Deliverer's birth.
Just an
</idle musing>
Tuesday, November 29, 2022
The Goods life?
<idle musing>
I like that, the "goods life." He is correct, we've exchanged a good life in Christ for a goods life of consumerism—and it doesn't fulfill. We need to consume more to attempt to fill that hole in our souls, which of course feeds the cycle of consume and throw away, leading to an ever warmer and more unstable climate.
Seems an appropriate meditation this advent season for why we need a savior.
Just an
</idle musing>
Monday, November 28, 2022
A different look at Adam Smith
Once we enter society and start trading with one another, Smith thought, material goods take on a social meaning. Now we are as concerned with how those goods make us appear to others as we are with the goods themselves. Once we enter an economy with others, which is the only economy there is, we cease to think and act in a strictly economic sense. When “everyone began to look at everyone else and to wish to be looked at himself,” wrote Rousseau, “public esteem acquired a price.” Smith’s theory is an attempt to make sense of that price.Seems there's a lot more going on than I remembered (and than most people talk about when they discuss Adam Smith). The above quotation should make the Chicago school of economists recalculate. They assume a Robinson Crusoe (article's words) approach: No societal pressure, therefore a person will make a logical decision. When's the last time someone did that!!? Right, Robinson Crusoe, but even he was influenced by his cultural background (I know, he's a literary figure, but the point stands).
If you can access the article via Libby, I recommend it; otherwise, try interlibrary loan (an independent scholar's best friend!).
By the way, the book reviewed is Being Me Being You: Adam Smith and Empathy, by Samuel Fleischacker, University of Chicago Press, 216 pp., $105.00; $35.00 (paper). The paperback is actually affordable!
Sunday, November 27, 2022
Advent
1 O come, O come, Immanuel,
and ransom captive Israel
that mourns in lonely exile here
until the Son of God appear.
Refrain:
Rejoice! Rejoice! Immanuel
shall come to you, O Israel.
2 O come, O Wisdom from on high,
who ordered all things mightily;
to us the path of knowledge show
and teach us in its ways to go. Refrain
3 O come, O come, great Lord of might,
who to your tribes on Sinai's height
in ancient times did give the law
in cloud and majesty and awe. Refrain
4 O come, O Branch of Jesse's stem,
unto your own and rescue them!
From depths of hell your people save,
and give them victory o'er the grave. Refrain
5 O come, O Key of David, come
and open wide our heavenly home.
Make safe for us the heavenward road
and bar the way to death's abode. Refrain
6 O come, O Bright and Morning Star,
and bring us comfort from afar!
Dispel the shadows of the night
and turn our darkness into light. Refrain
7 O come, O King of nations, bind
in one the hearts of all mankind.
Bid all our sad divisions cease
and be yourself our King of Peace. Refrain
Saturday, November 26, 2022
I could use more of this attitude. Could you?
The spirit of prayer
THE praying spirit breathe!
The watching power impart;
From all entanglements beneath,
Call off my peaceful heart;
My feeble mind sustain,
By worldly thoughts oppress’d;
Appear, and bid me turn again
To my eternal rest.
2 Swift to my rescue come;
Thine own this moment seize;
Gather my wand’ring spirit home,
And keep in perfect peace:
Suffer’d no more to rove
O’er all the earth abroad,
Arrest the pris’ner of thy love,
And shut me up in God.
—Charles Wesley
Thursday, November 24, 2022
Clement of Alexandria and hymns
Anyway, this particular hymn, number 86 in The Book of Hymns, appears in over 200 hymnals according to Hymnary.org. The lyrics below were taken from there; the Methodist hymnal uses an older translation and is missing verse 2 (Why? It's a great verse!). Enjoy!
1 Shepherd of tender youth,
guiding in love and truth
through devious ways,
Christ, our triumphant King,
we come your name to sing
and here our children bring
to join your praise.
2 You are our holy Lord,
Christ, the incarnate Word,
healer of strife.
You did yourself abase
that from sin's deep disgrace
you might now save our race,
and give us life.
3 You are the great High Priest,
you have prepared the feast
of holy love;
and in our mortal pain
none calls on you in vain;
our plea do not disdain;
help from above.
4 O ever be our guide,
our shepherd and our pride,
our staff and song.
Jesus, O Christ of God,
by your enduring Word
lead us where you have trod;
make our faith strong.
5 So now and till we die
sound we your praises high
and joyful sing:
infants and all the throng
who to your Church belong,
unite to swell the song
to Christ, our King!
Wednesday, November 23, 2022
Now Thank We All Our God (duplicate!)
1. Now thank we all our God,
with heart and hands and voices,
who wondrous things has done,
in whom this world rejoices;
who from our mothers' arms
has blessed us on our way
with countless gifts of love,
and still is ours today.
2. O may this bounteous God
through all our life be near us,
with ever joyful hearts
and blessed peace to cheer us;
and keep us still in grace,
and guide us when perplexed;
and free us from all ills,
in this world and the next.
3. All praise and thanks to God
the Father now be given;
the Son, and him who reigns
with them in highest heaven;
the one eternal God,
whom earth and heaven adore;
for thus it was, is now,
and shall be evermore.
United Methodist Hymnal (1989) # 102, via Hymnary.org
I just realized that I had posted this earlier. Sorry about that! Still good sentiments, and I could always say with Peter that it is not tiresome to me and good for you to be reminded of these things!.
Tuesday, November 22, 2022
Musings on Hebrews 3–4
The believer’s rest.
LORD, I believe a rest remains
To all thy people known;
A rest where pure enjoyment reigns,
And thou art loved alone.
2 A rest where all our soul’s desire
Is fix’d on things above;
Where fear, and sin, and grief expire,
Cast out by perfect love.
3 O that I now the rest might know,
Believe, and enter in;
Now, Saviour, now the power bestow,
And let me cease from sin.
4 Remove this hardness from my heart;
This unbelief remove;
To me the rest of faith impart,—-
The Sabbath of thy love.
Tozer for a Tuesday
If he or she is honest, the average Christian will sing, “See how I grovel here below, fond of these earthly toys,” rather than sing, “The waves of glory roll, my shouts I can’t control.” How can we become the ones who sing in honesty “My shouts I can’t control”?The Christians Peter writes about saw the invisible, believed in it and rejoiced with “joy unspeakable and full of glory.” I do not know how to tell you how to get it; I only know how they got it. They got it by believing in what they could not see, and that is the only way that you and I will ever have joy unspeakable and a shout that we cannot control.—A. W. Tozer, Living as a Christian, 17


